A module that was compiled using NumPy 1.x cannot be run in NumPy 2.0.2 as it may crash. To support

问题描述：在跑一个目标追踪的项目时，出现了下面的这个错误。

A module that was compiled using NumPy 1.x cannot be run in NumPy 2.0.2 as it may crash. To support both 1.x and 2.x versions of NumPy, modules must be compiled with NumPy 2.0. Some module may need to rebuild instead e.g. with 'pybind11>=2.12'. If you are a user of the module, the easiest solution will be to downgrade to 'numpy<2' or try to upgrade the affected module. We expect that some modules will need time to support NumPy 2. Traceback (most recent call last): File "/home/aq/Yolov7-tracker/tracker/track_demo.py", line 22, in <module> from trackers.byte_tracker import ByteTracker File "/home/aq/Yolov7-tracker/tracker/trackers/byte_tracker.py", line 9, in <module> from .matching import * File "/home/aq/Yolov7-tracker/tracker/trackers/matching.py", line 14, in <module> from torchvision.ops import box_iou File "/home/aq/miniconda3/envs/tracker/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torchvision/__init__.py", line 7, in <module> from torchvision import models File "/home/aq/miniconda3/envs/tracker/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torchvision/models/__init__.py", line 16, in <module> from . import detection File "/home/aq/miniconda3/envs/tracker/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torchvision/models/detection/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from .faster_rcnn import * File "/home/aq/miniconda3/envs/tracker/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torchvision/models/detection/faster_rcnn.py", line 16, in <module> from .anchor_utils import AnchorGenerator File "/home/aq/miniconda3/envs/tracker/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torchvision/models/detection/anchor_utils.py", line 10, in <module> class AnchorGenerator(nn.Module): File "/home/aq/miniconda3/envs/tracker/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torchvision/models/detection/anchor_utils.py", line 63, in AnchorGenerator device: torch.device = torch.device("cpu"), /home/aq/miniconda3/envs/tracker/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torchvision/models/detection/anchor_utils.py:63: UserWarning: Failed to initialize NumPy: _ARRAY_API not found (Triggered internally at ../torch/csrc/utils/tensor_numpy.cpp:68.)

问题解答：

含义：

你当前环境里装的是NumPy 2.0.2。但你环境里某些 Python 包（典型是torch/torchvision或依赖 C/C++ 扩展的包）是按NumPy 1.x的 ABI 编译的。

NumPy 2 改了底层 ABI（数组接口），导致这些旧编译的扩展模块无法正常工作，于是 NumPy 功能会“不可用”或崩溃风险。

✅ 这不是“提醒”，它几乎等于在说：

你这个环境里 NumPy 用不了，后面用到 from_numpy 就会炸。

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有个博主说用1.22.4，实际上会出现第二种错误，即Matplotlib错误。

2025-12-16 15:29:08.318 | WARNING | trackers.reid_models.engine:<module>:29 - Load TensorRT fail. If you want to convert model to TensorRT, please install the packages. Traceback (most recent call last): File "/home/aq/Yolov7-tracker/tracker/track_demo.py", line 24, in <module> from trackers.botsort_tracker import BotTracker File "/home/aq/Yolov7-tracker/tracker/trackers/botsort_tracker.py", line 18, in <module> from .camera_motion_compensation.cmc import GMC File "/home/aq/Yolov7-tracker/tracker/trackers/camera_motion_compensation/cmc.py", line 4, in <module> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt File "/home/aq/miniconda3/envs/tracker/lib/python3.9/site-packages/matplotlib/__init__.py", line 263, in <module> _check_versions() File "/home/aq/miniconda3/envs/tracker/lib/python3.9/site-packages/matplotlib/__init__.py", line 259, in _check_versions raise ImportError(f"Matplotlib requires {modname}>={minver}; " ImportError: Matplotlib requires numpy>=1.23; you have 1.22.4

然后按照提示，我修改成了

pip install "numpy==1.23.5"
发现可以的。