哈喽，大家好，今天给大家带来SpringBoot获取resources目录下文件的常用方法，示例中的方法是读取resources目录下的txt和xlsx文件，并将xlsx导出到excel的简单写法。完整代码放在最后。
通过this.getClass()方法获取
method1 - method4都是通过这个方法获取文件的写法，这四种写法在idea中都可以正常运行，jar包执行后method1和method2报错，提示找不到文件，method3和method4可以正常运行
通过ClassPathResource获取
method5是通过这种方法实现，idea中可以正常运行，打包后的jar中提示找不到文件
通过hutool工具类ResourceUtil获取
method6是通过这种方法实现，和method情况一样，同样是idea中可以正常运行，导出的jar中提示找不到文件
总结
不想折腾的同学可以直接用method3和method4的方法来使用，也可以将模板和资源文件外置，通过绝对路径获取对应文件。有好的方法也欢迎大家一起交流沟通~
代码
import cn.hutool.core.io.FileUtil; import cn.hutool.core.io.resource.ClassPathResource; import cn.hutool.core.io.resource.ResourceUtil; import com.alibaba.excel.EasyExcel; import com.alibaba.excel.ExcelWriter; import com.alibaba.excel.enums.WriteDirectionEnum; import com.alibaba.excel.write.metadata.WriteSheet; import com.alibaba.excel.write.metadata.fill.FillConfig; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; import java.net.URLEncoder; import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets; import java.util.List; @RestController @RequestMapping("/temp") public class TemplateController { /** * this.getClass()方法获取 * @param response * @throws IOException */ @RequestMapping("/method1") public void method1(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException { System.out.println("----------method1 start"); String filename = "template.xlsx"; String bashPatch = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("").getPath(); System.out.println(bashPatch); String textFile = "template.txt"; String textPath = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("").getPath(); List<String> dataList = FileUtil.readUtf8Lines(textPath + "/template/" + textFile); for (String data : dataList) { System.out.println(data); } try (ExcelWriter excelWriter = EasyExcel.write(response.getOutputStream()) .autoCloseStream(false) // 不要自动关闭，交给 Servlet 自己处理 // .withTemplate(resource.getFile().getAbsolutePath()) .withTemplate(bashPatch + "/template/" + filename) .build() ) { WriteSheet writeSheet = EasyExcel.writerSheet(0).build(); FillConfig userFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().forceNewRow(Boolean.TRUE).build(); FillConfig titleFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().direction(WriteDirectionEnum.HORIZONTAL).build(); excelWriter.finish(); } try { response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(filename, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name())); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=UTF-8"); } @RequestMapping("/method2") public void method2(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException { System.out.println("----------method2 start"); String filename = "template.xlsx"; String bashPatch = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("template").getPath(); System.out.println(bashPatch); String textFile = "template.txt"; String textPath = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("template").getPath(); List<String> dataList = FileUtil.readUtf8Lines(textPath + "/" + textFile); for (String data : dataList) { System.out.println(data); } try (ExcelWriter excelWriter = EasyExcel.write(response.getOutputStream()) .autoCloseStream(false) // 不要自动关闭，交给 Servlet 自己处理 // .withTemplate(resource.getFile().getAbsolutePath()) .withTemplate(bashPatch + "/" + filename) .build() ) { WriteSheet writeSheet = EasyExcel.writerSheet(0).build(); FillConfig userFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().forceNewRow(Boolean.TRUE).build(); FillConfig titleFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().direction(WriteDirectionEnum.HORIZONTAL).build(); excelWriter.finish(); } try { response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(filename, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name())); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=UTF-8"); } @RequestMapping("/method3") public void method3(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException { System.out.println("----------method3 start"); String filename = "template.xlsx"; InputStream inputStream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("template" + "/" + filename); // System.out.println(inputStream); String textFile = "template.txt"; InputStream textStream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("template" + "/" + textFile); BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(textStream)); String line; try { while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) { System.out.println(line); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); // 异常处理 } try (ExcelWriter excelWriter = EasyExcel.write(response.getOutputStream()) .autoCloseStream(false) // 不要自动关闭，交给 Servlet 自己处理 // .withTemplate(resource.getFile().getAbsolutePath()) .withTemplate(inputStream) .build() ) { WriteSheet writeSheet = EasyExcel.writerSheet(0).build(); FillConfig userFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().forceNewRow(Boolean.TRUE).build(); FillConfig titleFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().direction(WriteDirectionEnum.HORIZONTAL).build(); excelWriter.finish(); } try { response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(filename, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name())); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=UTF-8"); } @RequestMapping("/method4") public void method4(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException { System.out.println("----------method4 start"); String filename = "template.xlsx"; InputStream inputStream = this.getClass().getResourceAsStream("/template" + "/" + filename); // System.out.println(inputStream); String textFile = "template.txt"; InputStream textStream = this.getClass().getResourceAsStream("/template" + "/" + textFile); BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(textStream)); String line; try { while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) { System.out.println(line); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); // 异常处理 } try (ExcelWriter excelWriter = EasyExcel.write(response.getOutputStream()) .autoCloseStream(false) // 不要自动关闭，交给 Servlet 自己处理 // .withTemplate(resource.getFile().getAbsolutePath()) .withTemplate(inputStream) .build() ) { WriteSheet writeSheet = EasyExcel.writerSheet(0).build(); FillConfig userFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().forceNewRow(Boolean.TRUE).build(); FillConfig titleFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().direction(WriteDirectionEnum.HORIZONTAL).build(); excelWriter.finish(); } try { response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(filename, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name())); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=UTF-8"); } /** * 通过ClassPathResource获取 * @param response * @throws IOException */ @RequestMapping("/method5") public void method5(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException { System.out.println("----------method5 start"); String filename = "template.xlsx"; ClassPathResource classPathResource = new ClassPathResource("template" + "/" + filename); String textFile = "template.txt"; ClassPathResource textResource = new ClassPathResource("template" + "/" + textFile); List<String> dataList = FileUtil.readUtf8Lines(textResource.getAbsolutePath()); for (String data : dataList) { System.out.println(data); } try (ExcelWriter excelWriter = EasyExcel.write(response.getOutputStream()) .autoCloseStream(false) // 不要自动关闭，交给 Servlet 自己处理 .withTemplate(classPathResource.getAbsolutePath()) .build() ) { WriteSheet writeSheet = EasyExcel.writerSheet(0).build(); FillConfig userFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().forceNewRow(Boolean.TRUE).build(); FillConfig titleFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().direction(WriteDirectionEnum.HORIZONTAL).build(); excelWriter.finish(); } try { response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(filename, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name())); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=UTF-8"); } /** * 通过hutool工具类ResourceUtil获取 * @param response * @throws IOException */ @RequestMapping("/method6") public void method6(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException { System.out.println("----------method6 start"); String filename = "template.xlsx"; String filePath = ResourceUtil.getResource("template" + "/" + filename).getPath(); String textFile = "template.txt"; String textPath = ResourceUtil.getResource("template" + "/" + textFile).getPath(); List<String> dataList = FileUtil.readUtf8Lines(textPath); for (String data : dataList) { System.out.println(data); } try (ExcelWriter excelWriter = EasyExcel.write(response.getOutputStream()) .autoCloseStream(false) // 不要自动关闭，交给 Servlet 自己处理 .withTemplate(filePath) .build() ) { WriteSheet writeSheet = EasyExcel.writerSheet(0).build(); FillConfig userFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().forceNewRow(Boolean.TRUE).build(); FillConfig titleFillConfig = FillConfig.builder().direction(WriteDirectionEnum.HORIZONTAL).build(); excelWriter.finish(); } try { response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(filename, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name())); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=UTF-8"); } }pom依赖
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