双旋:8左边分给6右边，8右边给10左边，8作为根。
这样才能单旋
这种不行，这还分单旋双旋问题
，单旋情况，g变成黑，不需要往上处理，黑色上面红黑都行直接break；
else 就是复刻一下，换一下方向。
模版是类型的复用，继承是实现的复用，逻辑类似，类型不同搞成模版，实现继承，设置基类，派生类继承。
#pragma once enum Colour { RED, BLACK }; template<class K, class V> struct RBTreeNode { // 这里更新控制平衡也要加入parent指针 pair<K, V> _kv; RBTreeNode<K, V>* _left; RBTreeNode<K, V>* _right; RBTreeNode<K, V>* _parent; Colour _col; RBTreeNode(const pair<K, V>& kv) :_kv(kv) , _left(nullptr) , _right(nullptr) , _parent(nullptr) {} }; template<class K, class V> class RBTree { typedef RBTreeNode<K, V> Node; public: bool Insert(const pair<K, V>& kv) { if (_root == nullptr) { _root = new Node(kv); _root->_col = BLACK; return true; } Node* parent = nullptr; Node* cur = _root; while (cur) { if (cur->_kv.first < kv.first) { parent = cur; cur = cur->_right; } else if (cur->_kv.first > kv.first) { parent = cur; cur = cur->_left; } else { return false; } } cur = new Node(kv); cur->_col = RED; if (parent->_kv.first < kv.first) { parent->_right = cur; } else { parent->_left = cur; } // 链接父亲 cur->_parent = parent; // 父亲是红色，出现连续的红色节点，需要处理 while (parent && parent->_col == RED) { Node* grandfather = parent->_parent; if (parent == grandfather->_left) { // g // p u Node* uncle = grandfather->_right; if (uncle && uncle->_col == RED) { // 变色 parent->_col = uncle->_col = BLACK; grandfather->_col = RED; // 继续往上处理 cur = grandfather; parent = cur->_parent; } else { if (cur == parent->_left) { // g // p u // c RotateR(grandfather); parent->_col = BLACK; grandfather->_col = RED; } else { // g // p u // c RotateL(parent); RotateR(grandfather); cur->_col = BLACK; grandfather->_col = RED; } break; } } else { // g // u p Node* uncle = grandfather->_left; // 叔叔存在且为红，-》变色即可 if (uncle && uncle->_col == RED) { parent->_col = uncle->_col = BLACK; grandfather->_col = RED; // 继续往上处理 cur = grandfather; parent = cur->_parent; } else // 叔叔不存在，或者存在且为黑 { // 情况二：叔叔不存在或者存在且为黑 // 旋转+变色 // g // u p // c if (cur == parent->_right) { RotateL(grandfather); parent->_col = BLACK; grandfather->_col = RED; } else { RotateR(parent); RotateL(grandfather); cur->_col = BLACK; grandfather->_col = RED; } break; } } } _root->_col = BLACK; return true; } void RotateR(Node * parent) { Node* subL = parent->_left; Node* subLR = subL->_right; parent->_left = subLR; if (subLR) subLR->_parent = parent; Node* pParent = parent->_parent; subL->_right = parent; parent->_parent = subL; if (parent == _root) { _root = subL; subL->_parent = nullptr; } else { if (pParent->_left == parent) { pParent->_left = subL; } else { pParent->_right = subL; } subL->_parent = pParent; } } void RotateL(Node * parent) { Node* subR = parent->_right; Node* subRL = subR->_left; parent->_right = subRL; if (subRL) subRL->_parent = parent; Node* parentParent = parent->_parent; subR->_left = parent; parent->_parent = subR; if (parentParent == nullptr) { _root = subR; subR->_parent = nullptr; } else { if (parent == parentParent->_left) { parentParent->_left = subR; } else { parentParent->_right = subR; } subR->_parent = parentParent; } } void InOrder() { _InOrder(_root); cout << endl; } int Height() { return _Height(_root); } int Size() { return _Size(_root); } Node* Find(const K& key) { Node* cur = _root; while (cur) { if (cur->_kv.first < key) { cur = cur->_right; } else if (cur->_kv.first > key) { cur = cur->_left; } else { return cur; } } return nullptr; } bool IsBalance() { if (_root == nullptr) return true; if (_root->_col == RED) return false; // 参考值 int refNum = 0; Node* cur = _root; while (cur) { if (cur->_col == BLACK) { ++refNum; } cur = cur->_left; } return Check(_root, 0, refNum); } private: bool Check(Node* root, int blackNum, const int refNum) { if (root == nullptr) { // 前序遍历走到空时，意味着一条路径走完了 //cout << blackNum << endl; if (refNum != blackNum) { cout << "存在黑色结点的数量不相等的路径" << endl; return false; } return true; } // 检查孩子不太方便，因为孩子有两个，且不一定存在，反过来检查父亲就方便多了 if (root->_col == RED && root->_parent->_col == RED) { cout << root->_kv.first << "存在连续的红色结点" << endl; return false; } if (root->_col == BLACK) { blackNum++; } return Check(root->_left, blackNum, refNum) && Check(root->_right, blackNum, refNum); } void _InOrder(Node* root) { if (root == nullptr) { return; } _InOrder(root->_left); cout << root->_kv.first << ":" << root->_kv.second << endl; _InOrder(root->_right); } int _Height(Node* root) { if (root == nullptr) return 0; int leftHeight = _Height(root->_left); int rightHeight = _Height(root->_right); return leftHeight > rightHeight ? leftHeight + 1 : rightHeight + 1; } int _Size(Node* root) { if (root == nullptr) return 0; return _Size(root->_left) + _Size(root->_right) + 1; } private: Node* _root = nullptr; };#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1 #include<iostream> using namespace std; #include"RBTree.h" void TestRBTree1() { RBTree<int, int> t; // 常规的测试用例 //int a[] = { 16, 3, 7, 11, 9, 26, 18, 14, 15 }; // 特殊的带有双旋场景的测试用例 int a[] = { 4, 2, 6, 1, 3, 5, 15, 7, 16, 14 }; for (auto e : a) { t.Insert({ e, e }); } t.InOrder(); cout << t.IsBalance() << endl; } int main() { TestRBTree1(); return 0; }基本编过了，
怎么判平衡，第一点不用检查，用的枚举，第二点，直接检查就行，第三点第四点怎么检查
检查孩子要检查两个还不一定存在，我检查父亲就很方便，父亲一定存在。跟是黑色
形参下一层++ 不影响上一层，
怎么比较路径，方式一：给个容器，遍历容器，比较每个值，
或者跟个基准值进行比较，跟某一条路径进行比较
